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VIEWS FROM THE SQUARE Back to Publications Views From The Square - Edition 1 Autumn Read More

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Kulwarn Nagra Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2130 kulwarn.nagra@rawlinson-hunter.com Kulwarn is a corporate services partner in the Rawlinson & Hunter London office. He has extensive corporate experience acting for a diverse range of clients, from SMEs to large multinationals and has also advised companies on a number of areas including IPOs, acquisition and disposal related transactions and due diligence reviews. After university he qualified as a chartered accountant in 1988 with Price Waterhouse, becoming a partner with PricewaterhouseCoopers in 1998. He joined Rawlinson & Hunter as a partner in 2004. Kulwarn is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants. Expertise: Corporate Audit & Assurance Transaction Support Outsourcing Employment Taxes Valuations

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back William Watson Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2111 william.watson@rawlinson-hunter.com William is an audit specialist whose clients include artists, art galleries, FCA regulated entities and high end retail businesses. He also has extensive experience in undertaking multinational group audit assignments, client money audits and due diligence reviews. William also undertakes technical accounting assignments such as impact analysis of new accounting standards, IFRS 2 share option valuations and advising on corporate restructures. William has also undertaken the duties of the Corporate Controller of AIM and TSX listed entities, so has experience of the audit process from the other side of the fence. William joined the firm in 2015, bringing with him extensive experience having spent 10 years at Wilkins Kennedy, overseeing their larger audits and technical accounting assignments. William is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales. Expertise: Corporate Audit & Assurance Transaction Support

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Harry Swift Director +44 (0)20 7842 2279 Harry.Swift@rawlinson-hunter.com Harry is a Director in the US/UK Tax team with over 20 years’ experience advising individuals with dual US/UK tax considerations. He joined Rawlinson & Hunter from a boutique tax advisory firm and has previously worked for a Big Four accountancy firm. Harry provides both tax advisory and compliance services, helping clients navigate the complexities of cross border personal tax issues. His experience includes advising on the application of the UK/US Double Tax Agreement, pension planning and relocation matters. He acts for a wide range of clients, including high net worth individuals, private equity partners, C suite executives and sports professionals. Harry is an Associate of the Chartered Institute of Taxation (CIOT), a member of the Association of Taxation Technicians (ATT), and a US Enrolled Agent.

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Claire Osborne Director +44 (0)20 7842 2021 claire.osborne@rawlinson-hunter.com Claire joined Rawlinson & Hunter more than 20 years ago and trained with the firm, becoming a member (and since Fellow) of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England & Wales in December 2009. Claire’s portfolio includes entrepreneurs, the family offices of ultra-high net worth individuals, organisations representing the pharmaceutical industry and owner managed businesses at all stages of development, from start-ups to large trading entities. Working from both our London and Surrey offices, Claire advises both corporate and non-corporate entities, providing accounting, advisory and outsourcing services. She has extensive experience of working with ultra-high net worth individuals, in particular with their UK affairs but also aiding their larger international compliance needs by being a key contact for our clients with the firms tax teams and external professionals. Claire has extensive experience in providing outsourcing and advisory services to UK companies in particular managing the complete finance function for a number of organisations. The take on of this outsourcing work is often as a result of an existing finance function needing Claire’s expertise to bring in new procedures to ensure it runs in a more effective and efficient manner. Claire specialises in providing outsourcing but also helps support the Departmental Partner in heading up the Business Services Group, a team of dedicated professionals that provide external accounting support services, including management accounting, VAT compliance, statutory accounting, forecasting and budgeting and other essential support services that assist the firm’s clients accounting compliance requirements. Expertise: Corporate Outsourcing VAT advice Estates Family office Investment companies Employment Taxes

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Steve Williams Director +44 (0)20 7842 2235 steve.williams@rawlinson-hunter.com Having been integral to the development of the firm’s Wealth Reporting service, Steve works with private clients and their family offices to deliver bespoke investment and financial reporting dealing with all aspects on the investment reporting spectrum, including private equity. Steve also works collaboratively with clients’ financial and legal advisers on their often complex and multifaceted affairs across multiple jurisdictions and accounting regimes. Operating in this centralised position allows the coordination and dissemination of information required for key decision making. Steve joined the firm in May 2001, having previously worked in the financial services sector predominantly in the financial markets on the trading floors of Barclays Capital and Westpac Banking Corporation. This experience has been invaluable as the wealth reporting service has developed its offering. Expertise: Private Client Family Office Wealth Reporting Transaction Support Outsourcing

Our aim is to provide commercially realistic advice and practical solutions to your VAT problems. We also encourage businesses to think about VAT planning as part of their overall corporate strategy. VAT ADVICE UK VAT legislation has become extremely complex and Brexit has not in any way simplified this. Almost every business transaction has a VAT effect. Keeping pace with developments in VAT is therefore essential to avoid unnecessary errors which can lead to overpaying or underpaying VAT, resulting in exposure to significant HMRC penalties. Active VAT planning is essential for any proposed transaction. Rawlinson & Hunter provides advice on the most VAT efficient way to structure a transaction, be it an acquisition, a disposal, a reorganisation or a property deal. We will help you avoid the potential pitfalls and ensure the necessary steps are taken to minimise the VAT liability. Our aim is to provide commercially realistic advice and practical solutions to your VAT problems. We also encourage businesses to think about VAT planning as part of their overall corporate strategy. Our services include performing VAT ‘Health Checks’ to conduct a review of your business, which can result in useful planning tips. We provide practical interpretations of new and existing VAT legislation and offer VAT planning for specific transactions. Where the circumstances arise, we provide full support during a VAT inspection and negotiate and resolve disputes with HMRC. · We often assist clients when setting up new ventures. Other common areas of advice for us include international transactions, imports and exports, financial services and land and property. With our wealthy private client base, we also advise frequently on luxury assets such as works of art, aircraft and yachts. Our VAT team has extensive experience of all areas of VAT, obtained over many years both within HMRC and in private practice. Our specialists regularly ensure that our clients comply with their VAT obligations whilst also maximising VAT opportunities to ensure VAT savings wherever possible. Our Specialists Catherine Thompson Partner E: catherine.thompson@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2028 View bio... Yueling Wei Partner E: yueling.wei@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2098 View bio... Louise Catt Director E: louise.catt@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2019 View bio... Craig Davies Partner E: craig.davies@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2136 View bio... Claire Osborne Director E: claire.osborne@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2021 View bio... Sharon Gillies Director E: sharon.gillies@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2161 View bio...

We have a number of Partners and Directors who are experienced in valuation work. They are members of the Valuation Special Interests Group of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, and they draw upon many years of in-depth experience, including work as Independent Experts for court proceedings. VALUATIONS There are many reasons why it may be necessary to value a business, or shares in a company conducting a business. There may be commercial reasons for the valuation, or family reasons such as divorce, or tax reasons such as on the making of a gift. There may be Inheritance Tax reasons, including death (with the business interest falling into an estate) or a ten year anniversary charge within a trust. It may be necessary to agree a valuation of shares with HMRC for the purposes of issuing employee shares. All of these situations, and many more, may require a valuation to be performed. In most cases involving valuations relevant to a tax situation, it will then be necessary to negotiate and agree the valuation with HMRC. We have a number of Partners and Directors who are experienced in valuation work. They are members of the Valuation Special Interests Group of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, and they draw upon many years of in-depth experience, including work as Independent Experts for court proceedings. Whilst there are several recognised valuation methodologies for businesses in different sectors, the correct approach is likely also to be influenced by the size of the shareholding or business interest. Valuing a business is not a precise science and it is necessary to consider each situation with an open mind in order to identify the relevant factors. With a commercial valuation, our experts will work closely with management to fully understand how the business operates, identifying the issues which influence income streams and capital growth. With tax valuations, it is often necessary to consider generally available financial data and consider quoted company comparators operating in the same sectors. Whatever the reason for the valuation, we recognise that the process can be a sensitive issue. We bring a commercial and cost-effective approach to these assignments, quickly considering our clients’ key issues and the appropriate valuation methodologies to apply in order to arrive at an independent valuation. Where the valuation is driven by tax, we will stand behind our conclusions and negotiate hard with HMRC in our clients’ interests. Our Specialists Craig Davies Partner E: craig.davies@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2136 View bio... James Randall Partner E: james.randall@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2131 View bio... Kulwarn Nagra Partner E: kulwarn.nagra@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2130 View bio... Hiral Kanzaria Partner E: hiral.kanzaria@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2102 View bio... Katharine Haggie Partner E: katharine.haggie@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2153 View bio...

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Yueling Wei Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2098 yueling.wei@rawlinson-hunter.com Yueling is an audit services partner in the Rawlinson & Hunter London office providing services to both listed and unlisted clients, including charities. Her current and past client portfolio includes AIM and fully listed clients, various high profile incorporated and unincorporated charity clients, multinational private companies engaged in major property development and investments, private equity and venture capital investments, IT companies and university spin outs (including biotech businesses). She has extensive experience advising clients on areas such as system controls and implementation, accounting treatments for complex group restructuring and financial instruments, share options, IFRS conversion, and advising on governance and management matters for charitable and commercial clients. Originally from China, following completion of a PhD degree in English Literature from a UK university, she went on to qualify as an accountant and a senior statutory auditor. She joined Rawlinson & Hunter in 2003. Yueling heads up the Audit Services Department and is responsible for the operational strategy and resources of the Audit Services Department to help to deliver the Firm’s overall strategic objectives. Expertise: Audit and assurance services Charities Corporate Transaction Support VAT Advice Outsourcing Family Office

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Mark Harris Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2125 mark.harris@rawlinson-hunter.com Mark qualified as a chartered accountant in 1985 and has specialised in taxation ever since. He joined the UK firm as a tax manager in 1992 and was made tax partner in 1996. Mark advises on all aspects of UK taxation affecting private and entrepreneurial clients. Mark is the UK firm's Senior Partner and is Chairman of the international grouping of Rawlinson & Hunter offices. He also acts as trustee and executor for a number of private trusts and estates as well as charitable trusts, and is authorised to carry out non-contentious probate work. Mark is a Fellow of the ICAEW, an associate of the Chartered Institute of Taxation, a member of STEP and a member of PAIAM (the Association for Professional Advisors to the International Art Market). Expertise: Private Client Tax Compliance Tax Advice Tax Investigations Art World Trusts Estates Charities Non-Resident Trusts Probate Intergenerational Wealth Transfer

We deliver bespoke wealth reporting solutions for individuals, families, and family offices, providing a global overview of your financial wealth. Your Wealth, Simplified Comprehensive Wealth Reporting and Investment Reporting in your hands At Rawlinson & Hunter, we specialise in delivering bespoke wealth reporting solutions for individuals, families, and family offices. Whether you are tracking global investments, monitoring performance, or managing accounting data, our services and secure online portals simplify the complex. Explore how our Wealth Reporting Service and innovative portals can help you gain a clearer picture of your financial position—anytime, anywhere. We empower you with clarity, control, and confidence to manage your wealth. Wealth Reporting Tailored Wealth Reporting for Your Needs Our Wealth Reporting Service provides clarity in the face of complexity. Consolidating data across asset classes, geographies, and currencies, we create tailored reports that give you a complete view of your financial position. With over 15 years of expertise and cutting-edge technology, we ensure that you receive precise, timely, and actionable insights. Key Features: Consolidated Investment Statements: View your entire portfolio in one report, across all asset classes and geographies. Performance Reporting: Understand how your investments are performing relative to benchmarks and goals. Global Management Accounting: Comprehensive financial reports tailored to your needs, consolidating data from multiple entities. Family Office Financial Control: End-to-end financial oversight, including cash flow management, budgeting, and inter-entity reconciliations. Investment Reporting Portal Request a demo Your Global Portfolio, Anytime, Anywhere Our Investment Reporting Portal provides seamless access to your portfolio, empowering you to make informed decisions. Consolidating data from multiple sources, the portal gives you a holistic view of your wealth with customisable dashboards and daily performance updates. Key Features: • 24/7 Access: View your portfolio across asset classes and geographies from any device. • Daily Updates: Monitor performance and compare returns to benchmarks. • Customisable Dashboards: Tailor the platform to prioritise the data you value most. • Multi-Currency Reporting: Stay on top of global investments with currency tracking. Investment Accounting Portal Request a demo Simplified Financial Management for Complex Structures The Investment Accounting Portal streamlines financial management, offering detailed insights into your accounts and enabling efficient reporting. With customisable reports and multi-format exports, managing complex structures has never been easier. Key Features: Financial Reporting: Access tailored financial statements, trial balances, and ledger reports. Custom Reports: Generate bespoke reports, designed with your Rawlinson & Hunter team, including cash flow analysis. Data Export: Export reports in Excel, PDF, or ZIP formats, saving time and effort. Enhanced Security: Protect sensitive data with encryption and multi-factor authentication. Why Choose Rawlinson & Hunter? With over 90 years of experience, Rawlinson & Hunter has built a reputation for delivering personalised, high-quality services to families, individuals, and family offices. Combining our expertise as Chartered Accountants with innovative technology, we provide solutions that simplify the complexities of managing wealth. Why Clients Choose Us: Personalised Service: Every report can be tailored to your unique needs. Global Expertise: A network spanning the globe, ensuring cross-border solutions. Innovation & Security: Cutting-edge technology with industry-leading security. Start Your Journey with Rawlinson & Hunter Our team is here to answer your questions, provide a demonstration of our portals, or create a tailored proposal for your needs. First name* Last name Email* Phone Portal Write a message Submit

Rawlinson & Hunter LLP is a firm of Chartered Accountants and Chartered Tax Advisers which was founded in 1933 and is based in central London, with a strong supporting office in Leatherhead, Surrey. CLEAR ADVICE IN A COMPLEX WORLD A leading firm of Chartered Accountants since 1933 Tell me more about your... Services Our Services Art World Audit & Assurance Charities Estates Family Office Non-Resident Trusts Corporate Outsourcing Private Client Property Tax Tax Advice Tax Compliance Tax Investigations Transaction Support Probate Employment Taxes Trusts US Taxes Valuations VAT Advice Wealth Reporting SDLT Advice Wealth Succession I'm looking for... People Our People Alan Ive Alex Jones Catherine Thompson Chris Hawley Craig Davies James Randall Kristina Volodeva Kulwarn Nagra Mark Harris Michael Foster Paul Huggins Toby Crooks Trevor Warmington Harry Swift Hiral Kanzaria Katharine Haggie Lee Moss Sarah Fernando Sharon Gillies Steve Williams William Watson Yueling Wei Partners Directors & Consultants Chris Bliss Paul Baker Salma Khan Louise Catt Claire Osborne Lisa Festerling Mark Wong Jeremy Stein Emma Huo Dan Taylor Sandeep Dhillon Ian Gray Alex McBryde

We believe that the best way to provide our clients, both private clients and companies, with effective support is to act for them in relation to their tax reporting. This gives us an insight into what they are doing from year to year and a detailed understanding of their business and financial affairs. TAX ADVICE Our clients frequently need advice on tax matters. It is crucial that when there are events in clients’ lives, whether it is a corporate transaction, a change in family circumstances, a move from one country to another or some other situation, whether planned or unexpected, they have the right people with the right expertise to support them. We believe that the best way to provide our clients, both private clients and companies, with effective support is to act for them in relation to their tax reporting. This gives us an insight into what they are doing from year to year and a detailed understanding of their business and financial affairs. Most of our clients at some point need to call upon our expertise and our familiarity with their affairs to provide effective and timely tax advice. The knowledge gleaned from a relationship with our clients built over many years enables us to advise with authority when the need arises. Often, clients come to us in the first place because they are involved in a situation or a set of circumstances where specialist guidance is needed. Having concluded this initial project, clients then often remain with us for many years, taking advantage of both the tax reporting and advisory services which we can offer. Our approach to the giving of both personal and corporate tax advice is measured. We recognise that the tax legislation was enacted for a specific purpose, and in giving advice we consider carefully the reasoning behind the tax law which we seek to rely on. We avoid overly aggressive planning which, in our experience, is invariably challenged by HMRC and defeated in the Courts. We have regard to our clients’ profile with HMRC and keep the advice on the sensible side of the line. Our international network of offices probably has a greater concentration of international private client expertise than any other firm. Our reputation has brought us family and corporate clients in every continent, almost entirely by personal recommendation. Our Specialists

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Alex McBryde Director +44 2078422171 Alex.McBryde@rawlinson-hunter.com Alex is a UK private client tax specialist advising UK based and internationally mobile individuals on a wide range of matters, including complex UK tax issues. He has experience working with non-UK domiciled individuals, advising on the former remittance basis of taxation and the UK’s new foreign income and gains (FIG) regime available for new UK residents. He also advises on inheritance tax planning for both UK and internationally connected individuals and families, as well as on the establishment and ongoing taxation of UK and offshore trusts and investment structures. Alex is a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and the Chartered Institute of Taxation, qualifying in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Expertise: Private Client Tax Advice Tax Compliance Non-Resident Trusts

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Trevor Warmington Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2198 trevor.warmington@rawlinson-hunter.com Trevor is an experienced advisor to private individuals and families, based in the UK or overseas. Trevor provides support to his clients in their decision-making for all aspects of structuring their wealth. This can include topics such as: personal relocation advice; the structuring or dismantling of entities in the UK or overseas; tax-efficient holding structures; practical and remuneration planning for professional activities; advice around real estate used as the main home or for investment; succession planning; managing intergenerational wealth transfers; planning for philanthropic objectives. A career tax specialist, Trevor is capable of dealing with advice on all aspects of complex UK tax situations. He can handle the UK tax reporting for any individual or entity, whether situated in the UK or overseas, where there is a UK filing requirement. This includes routine tax return preparation, regularising cases of historical non-disclosure, or matters of enquiry with HMRC. Trevor has a particular interest in cross-border matters, which he has gained from years of advising individuals of foreign origin formerly using the remittance basis regime and now all individuals who use the Foreign Income and Gains (FIG) regime. Cross-border advice will often involve UK tax interaction with structures as overseas trusts or foundations, corporate-like entities, and consideration of international tax treaties. Two niche areas in which Trevor is an expert are the taxation of foreign policies of life insurance and the technical particularities that are relevant to international students. Trevor endeavours to perform the role of trusted adviser to his clients, quickly identifying his clients’ needs and advising with efficiency, calling on the depth of his experience. He is comfortable collaborating with other professional advisers and family offices in order to offer his clients holistic advice which is tax-efficient within the client’s wider objectives. A Modern Languages graduate of Christ Church, Oxford, Trevor is fluent in French and Spanish. He began his career as a private client associate at a Big Four accountancy firm in 2006, joined Rawlinson & Hunter in 2010 and became a Partner of the firm in 2017. He has completed the Association of Taxation Technician (ATT) qualification, is a Chartered Tax Adviser (CTA), and a member of STEP (TEP).

Many of our clients have complicated tax-reporting needs. Some of them have significant and diverse investment assets both in the UK and overseas, sometimes held through foreign investment structures which are not set up for UK tax reporting. TAX COMPLIANCE It is absolutely essential, now more so than ever, that individuals and companies with complex tax affairs file accurate annual tax returns with HMRC. The cost of getting it wrong has never been higher. Many of our clients have complicated tax-reporting needs. Some of them have significant and diverse investment assets both in the UK and overseas, sometimes held through foreign investment structures which are not set up for UK tax reporting. Other clients have complex remuneration reporting involving options, vesting share arrangements and restricted stock units where there might be international considerations. Many of our clients are entrepreneurs with businesses which also bring intricate tax filing challenges. Just as tax reporting has become more demanding, there has been a much closer concentration of effort by HMRC on the tax affairs of wealthy UK tax payers and their companies. HMRC’s investigative capabilities have been greatly enhanced by the volume of information provided to them by both institutions in the UK and by other countries under automatic exchange of information agreements. At the same time, the tax law has been changed to give HMRC a greater length of time to investigate foreign aspects of a taxpayer’s affairs and impose significantly greater penalties for reporting failures. Thoroughness and a rigorous approach are therefore paramount in the preparation of our clients’ tax returns. We generally operate a ‘triple-lock’ approach whereby the tax return is prepared by a professionally qualified junior, reviewed carefully by a manager and is then subjected to a final high level review by the partner. In that way, we seek to reduce the risk of inaccuracies and omissions. Our Specialists

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Emma Huo Director +44 (0)20 7842 2099 emma.huo@rawlinson-hunter.com Emma is an audit services Director whose current and past portfolio has included FTSE listed companies, various high profile private companies and limited liability partnerships involved in art, retail, software and private equity investment. Emma has experience in undertaking multinational group audit assignments as well as preparation of statutory financial statements for a range of private clients in accordance with UK GAAP and IFRS for audit by the Big Four firms. She also has experience on advising clients on areas such as accounting treatments for group restructuring and conversion from UK GAAP to IFRS. Emma qualified as a chartered accountant in 2012 whilst working at PwC and stayed with them until joining the firm in 2015.

REGISTERED OFFICES United Kingdom London Rawlinson & Hunter LLP Eighth Floor 6 New Street Square New Fetter Lane London, EC4A 3AQ United Kingdom Leatherhead Rawlinson & Hunter LLP Q3, The Square Randalls Way Leatherhead, KT22 7TW United Kingdom

BUSINESS DIGEST Back to Publications 25 November 2025 Business Digest - November 2025 Read More

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Paul Huggins Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2197 paul.huggins@rawlinson-hunter.com Paul is a Private Client Tax specialist who advises a wide variety of clients ranging from successful entrepreneurs, hedge fund managers and family office engagements to clients involved in the art, sports and film entertainment worlds. He enjoys developing a close relationship with clients in order to fully understand their needs and providing advice which is relevant to their individual circumstances. Paul advises on a broad range of UK tax issues, particularly those with an international aspect, specialising in the UK’s statutory residence test, remittance basis users and the taxation of ‘mixed funds’, together with the tax and social security implications for internationally mobile employees. He also has extensive experience acting as a single joint expert witness and handling HMRC tax investigations on a broad range of technical issues. Paul joined Rawlinson & Hunter as a trainee accountant in 2006, qualifying as a Chartered Accountant in 2009, a Chartered Tax Advisor in 2010 and becoming a member of STEP in 2012. Paul was included as a top recommended accountant and tax adviser in the 2021, 2022 and 2023 Spear’s 500 guide.

As well as in London, Rawlinson & Hunter has offices in Jersey, Guernsey, Switzerland (in both Geneva and Zurich), Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands, Singapore, New Zealand and Australia. INTERNATIONAL As well as in London, Rawlinson & Hunter has offices in Switzerland (in both Geneva and Zurich), Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, the British Virgin Islands, Singapore, New Zealand and Australia. The maze of UK and international law is complex to navigate, particularly for clients with profiles in a number of jurisdictions. Our grouping of offices can provide global advice and solutions, specialising in the administration of trusts and companies which hold wealth and assets for our clients and their families. Since 1933, Rawlinson & Hunter offices across the world have consistently applied the basic traits of common sense and hard work to everything they do in order to provide outstanding services to their corporate and private clients, combining advanced technical skills with their different, distinctive and personal way of working. The partners in all international offices like to get to know their clients well and they lead much of the work in person, often face-to-face. Nearly all clients come through personal recommendations and referrals, providing compelling evidence of Rawlinson & Hunter’s strong reputation as a leading professional services firm. Refer to Legal for further information regarding Rawlinson & Hunter International. Visit International Site Development of Our International Grouping The Chartered Accountancy firm of Rawlinson & Hunter was established in London in 1933 during The Great Depression by Alfred Rawlinson and Robert Hunter. The Firm has flourished by continually updating and refreshing its services to meet the challenges of evolving tax, financial and regulatory laws, by focusing on niche markets, and by putting client service first and foremost in everything it does.. After successfully navigating the challenges faced by the UK during the Second World War, including temporarily moving the Firm to rural Oxfordshire to escape The Blitz, Hunter journeyed to the US in 1945, and again in 1946 with Rawlinson, where they visited an old client living in Bermuda. This coincided with the first direct flights between the US and Bermuda and the introduction of a favourable tax system and tourist economy on the island. The visit ultimately led to the establishment of Rawlinson & Hunter’s first overseas office in Bermuda in the early 1960s by future UK senior partner Bob Spooner, as the Firm sought to support its UK clients with extensive tourism and hotel interests there. A chance encounter on an aeroplane between future UK senior partner Peter Hetherington and a Jersey accountant resulted in the foundation of the Firm’s Jersey office in 1972. This was at a time when many individuals were emigrating from the UK to Jersey to escape the all-time high UK income tax rate of 136% in the late 1960s, and 98% in the early 1970s. The Firm’s Jersey practice was established at a time when the island was growing rapidly as an international financial centre. The Jersey office left the network in 2025. The Guernsey office was established in 1980 to meet the needs of specific international clients of the Firm, taking advantage of Guernsey’s similarly thriving financial services industry. The office left the network in 2026. The Cayman Islands office was established in 1973, originally to complement the services offered to clients through the Bermuda office. This British Overseas Territory steadily developed to become a leading international financial centre in the region. Switzerland has always been the leading international financial centre in continental Europe, and during its early years Rawlinson & Hunter had served many Swiss-based corporate clients due to Robert Hunter’s frequent trips to the country. To support its Swiss-based clients, the Firm therefore opened an office in Geneva in 1982, and this was eventually followed by a Zürich office in 2011. The old Geneva office left the grouping in 2019 but the Firm is now once again operating in Geneva, having opened a new office there in 2021. By the 1980s, the British Virgin Islands had also developed into a leading international financial and tourism centre to fund its public services, and this led to Peter Hetherington and future Jersey senior partner, David Goar, establishing the Firm’s office on the islands in 1988 to supports clients engaged in business there. A year earlier, in 1987, the Firm opened a representative office in Sydney, Australia to support clients with business interests Down Under. This was carried out under the umbrella of a respected Australian firm, Boroughs, a similarly private client focused firm of Chartered Accountants established in 1945. A decade and a half later, in 2003, the Firm extended this model by opening a representative office on the other side of the Ditch in Whanganui, New Zealand. By now Singapore had established itself as the leading international financial centre in Asia, and the Firm found itself with increasing numbers of clients with business interests in the country. To support these clients, the Firm opened its first Asian office in Singapore in 2013.

OUR PROBATE ACCREDITATION Time and fees The time taken to complete the work required to deal with an estate will vary significantly depending on a number of factors. On this basis it is not possible to provide a general price for the work. We charge on the basis of the complexity of the work and time taken to resolve issues. For an understanding of the scope of work that we undertake and the possible costs associated with this please see “Illustrations”. It is also difficult to provide a timetable for the provision of probate services and the ultimate completion of the associated work, as there are many factors that can affect the process. We strive to co-ordinate with executors and keep them informed of progress on a regular basis so that they are aware of the status of each case. Illustrations Illustration 1 Assisting executors with Inheritance Tax compliance and filing for probate. We have acted for estates where there is a liability to Inheritance Tax and the assets are both easy to identify and to value (for example, listed investments and bank accounts). The will is straightforward, with only a handful of beneficiaries. We notified the relevant parties of death and requested probate valuations of the assets. Preparation and filing of the IHT Account (Form IHT400 and supporting schedules). Preparing the probate application on behalf of the executors. The executors dealt with the administration but we assisted them by opening a client account to collect in the assets and make distributions. We also provided them with support to sell listed investments. Total fees between £2,500 and £7,500 (including VAT) Illustration 2 Acting on behalf of executors. We often get asked to provide a full service of all matters in connection with the estate. Identifying assets, notifying third parties and collating valuations on behalf of the executors (including liaison with other professional parties, for example surveyors, auctioneers, directors of private companies and solicitors). Inheritance Tax compliance and applying for Probate (either on behalf of the executors or under a power of attorney). Administering and collecting in the estate assets. Provision of full client account services for the executors. Selling assets, payment of professional fees and other estate expenses. Making distributions to beneficiaries. Registering the estate for income and capital gains tax and filing all necessary tax returns. Providing beneficiaries with R185 forms. Preparing interim and final estate accounts. Total fees between £10,000 and £25,000 (including VAT) Illustration 3 Acting on behalf of executors (complex estates). We have acted for complex estates with property in multiple jurisdictions. The valuation of estate assets is not straightforward and issues have arisen in respect of the probate application (non-contentious). Identifying the assets and obtaining valuations. Where required, we have prepared valuations of unquoted shareholdings and considered complex issues with regard to business / agricultural property reliefs. We have dealt with complex domicile issues and achieved favourable outcomes for our clients. Obtaining probate in overseas jurisdictions. This most often requires us to engage professionals in foreign jurisdictions and liaise with them to obtain probate locally. Where required, we have also engaged with other overseas professionals, for example estate agents, to market and sell property. We have good professional contacts in many overseas jurisdictions. Dealing with high value, and sometimes unusual assets (for example, arranging collection of personal possessions stored in safety deposit boxes). Applying for probate and dealing with other complex matters which have arisen (for example, obtaining additional affidavits where a will was not fully executed or where the probate registry raised doubt over the testators capacity to execute the will. We had to trace witnesses and obtain further affidavits from them to secure probate). Fully administering the estate assets, estate accounting and filing of estate tax returns. Total fees between £25,000 and £50,000 (including VAT) Regulatory Licensed by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales to carry out the reserved legal activity of non-contentious probate in England and Wales. Details of our probate accreditation can be viewed at icaew.com/probate under reference number OC403503. Rawlinson & Hunter LLP recognises the benefits of, and is committed to, equality in the workplace. We monitor diversity within our workforce and take action where possible to ensure that we can attract, retain and develop the best people, regardless of their background. Our most recent survey is available from Emma Knight, HR Director (emma.knight@rawlinson–hunter.com ) Compensation Scheme In the unlikely event that we cannot meet our liabilities to you, you may be able to seek a grant from ICAEW’s Compensation Scheme. Generally, applications for a grant must be made to ICAEW within 12 months of the time you become aware, or reasonably ought to have been aware of the loss. Further information about the scheme, and the circumstances in which grants may be made, is available on ICAEW’s website: www.icaew.com/probate . Complaints We always seek to provide clients with the highest levels of service. If you would like to talk to us about how we could improve our probate service to you, or if you are unhappy with the service you are receiving, please let us know by contacting the Head of Legal Practice /probate contact partner, Toby Crooks. We will consider carefully any complaint that you may make about our probate services as soon as we receive it and do all we can to explain the position to you. If we do not answer your complaint to your satisfaction or you are unhappy with our response, you may of course take up the matter up with our Senior Partner, our professional body (ICAEW), and the Legal Ombudsman. Complaints to the Legal Ombudsman should be made within six years of the act or omission or within three years of you becoming aware of the issue, and in either case within six months of our written response to your complaint to us. The contact details for the Legal Ombudsman are: Letter: Legal Ombudsman, PO Box 6806, Wolverhampton, WV1 9WJ, Email: enquiries@legalombudsman.org.uk Telephone: 0300 555 0333.

Many of our clients are engaged in supporting charitable causes both in the UK and overseas. This activity nearly always involves generous financial support, where guidance on tax-effective giving is required. CHARITIES Many of our clients are engaged in supporting charitable causes both in the UK and overseas. This activity nearly always involves generous financial support, where guidance on tax-effective giving is required. Some clients seek greater involvement, establishing their own charity or donor-advised fund and playing an active role in determining the causes and charities which derive benefit from the fund. Giving is often done under the Gift Aid scheme, enabling the charity to enhance the gift by reclaiming the basic rate income tax which the cash gift is treated as having suffered. Tax relief can be claimed on a gift of real estate to a charity, or a gift of quoted shares or funds which are collective investment schemes. With care, it may be possible for US taxpayers who are resident in the UK to make a donation in such a way that relief is available in both countries. Charitable giving is a complex area where specialist advice is essential. Giving money to charity can be a complicated and expensive process requiring great care as to timing, amount and method of donation. For those wishing to establish their own charity, we have a team experienced in providing accounting and reporting services which is also used to dealing with the Charity Commission, Companies House and HMRC on a daily basis. On the practical front, the team gets involved in all aspects of administration of a charity. For instance, in addition to getting involved in budget and cash flow forecasting and ongoing monitoring of cash positions, we often operate bank accounts, raise cheques, deal with payment requests and provide a correspondence address so that we can deal with unsolicited applications for funding. We maintain accounting records, produce management accounts and undertake performance reviews. We also diarise and coordinate grant commitments, ensuring that they are approved and paid on a timely basis. We get involved with trustee meetings, preparing agendas, putting together meeting packs, attending meetings and preparing minutes. We can also provide general ad hoc advice and support on payroll and IT matters. The team is experienced at having involvement in the policies and procedures of a charity. For instance, we can prepare or review policies and protocols to ensure that they are in accordance with the Charities Statement of Recommended Practice (FRS 102). Additionally, we can prepare Fit and Proper declarations for the trustees, conduct annual risk reviews and monitor grants. On the annual compliance requirements, we provide a comprehensive service. This includes the preparation of accounts and liaising with the charity’s auditors, dealing with completion of Annual Returns for filing with the Charity Commission, complying with Companies House requirements and offering a full company secretarial service alongside a registered office address. We have deep practical experience of what is needed to run a charity allied to a hands on style of approach, and we can therefore provide support in a multitude of ways. Our Specialists Alex Jones Partner E: alex.jones@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2225 View bio... Craig Davies Partner E: craig.davies@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2136 View bio... Michael Foster Partner E: michael.foster@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2223 View bio... Chris Hawley Partner E: chris.hawley@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2138 View bio... Mark Harris Partner E: mark.harris@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2125 View bio... Yueling Wei Partner E: yueling.wei@rawlinson-hunter.com T: +44 (0)20 7842 2098 View bio...

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Sharon Gillies Director +44 (0)20 7842 2161 sharon.gillies@rawlinson-hunter.com Sharon has a wealth of VAT experience spanning some 30 years both within HMRC and private practice. She commenced her VAT career in what was then HM Customs & Excise where she carried out various different VAT roles over a period of 12 years. This included time as a VAT inspector and as a technical enquiries officer, which gave Sharon a solid background in all areas of VAT as well as an understanding of the mind of a VAT officer which has been invaluable in assisting clients. She continued her career in a top 10 accountancy firm followed by a boutique firm prior to joining Rawlinson & Hunter. Sharon has an extensive knowledge of all areas of VAT with particular expertise in relation to Art Galleries & Artists, Financial Services, Land & Property and overseas businesses investing in the UK. Sharon enjoys assisting her clients in navigating complex VAT legislation in order to avoid costly errors and maximise opportunities. She excels in explaining VAT legislation tailored to the needs of her clients. Sharon is also an active member of The VAT Practitioners Group keeping abreast of latest developments in legislation. Expertise: VAT Advice Property Tax Art World

Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. TAX By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... By expertise... Select expertise... Reset Filters Alan Ive Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2256 T: alan.ive@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Catherine Thompson Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2028 T: catherine.thompson@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Craig Davies Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2136 T: craig.davies@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: James Randall Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2131 T: james.randall@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Kristina Volodeva Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2126 T: kristina.volodeva@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Lisa Festerling Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2148 T: lisa.festerling@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Michael Foster Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2223 T: michael.foster@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Sandeep Dhillon Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2118 T: sandeep.dhillon@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Trevor Warmington Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2198 T: trevor.warmington@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Yueling Wei Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2098 T: yueling.wei@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Alex McBryde Director +44 2078422171 T: Alex.McBryde@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Dan Taylor Director +44 (0)20 7842 2272 T: dan.taylor@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Harry Swift Director +44 (0)20 7842 2279 T: Harry.Swift@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Jeremy Stein Director +44 (0)20 7842 2184 T: jeremy.stein@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Louise Catt Director +44 (0)20 7842 2019 T: louise.catt@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Paul Baker Consultant +44 (0)20 7842 2132 T: paul.baker@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Salma Khan Director +44 (0)20 7842 2070 T: salma.khan@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Sharon Gillies Director +44 (0)20 7842 2161 T: sharon.gillies@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Alex Jones Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2225 T: alex.jones@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Chris Hawley Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2138 T: chris.hawley@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Hiral Kanzaria Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2102 T: hiral.kanzaria@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Katharine Haggie Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2153 T: katharine.haggie@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Kulwarn Nagra Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2130 T: kulwarn.nagra@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Mark Harris Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2125 T: mark.harris@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Paul Huggins Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2197 T: paul.huggins@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Toby Crooks Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2140 T: toby.crooks@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: William Watson Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2111 T: william.watson@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Chris Bliss Consultant +44 (0)20 7842 2122 T: chris.bliss@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Claire Osborne Director +44 (0)20 7842 2021 T: claire.osborne@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Emma Huo Director +44 (0)20 7842 2099 T: emma.huo@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Ian Gray Director +44 (0)20 7842 2175 T: Ian.Gray@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Lee Moss Director +44 (0)20 7842 2227 T: lee.moss@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Mark Wong Director +44 (0)20 7842 2158 T: mark.wong@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Steve Williams Director +44 (0)20 7842 2235 T: steve.williams@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E: Sarah Fernando Director +44 (0)20 7842 2147 T: sarah.fernando@rawlinson-hunter.com View Bio... E:

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Alex Jones Partner +44 (0)20 7842 2225 alex.jones@rawlinson-hunter.com Alex has 30 years’ experience in US and UK personal tax, providing complex planning and assistance to high-net-worth individuals; he joined R&H’s London US/UK Tax team from EY Frank Hirth in December 2021. Alex’s specialist areas include: private equity, hedge funds and real estate funds, personal tax issues related to fund structuring and reward, and specialist advice for entertainment and sports clients. Alex’s wide experience and specialist knowledge also includes the UK/US double tax treaty, pension issues, the UK treatment of limited liability company (LLC) interests and carried interest. He also advises on US/UK interactions on personal income, capital gains, social security, estate taxes, and inheritance and trusts. Expertise: Private Client US Taxes Tax Advice Tax Compliance Non-Resident Trusts Trusts Estates Tax Investigations Property Tax Charities (UK/US) Intergenerational Wealth Transfer

At Rawlinson & Hunter LLP, we try to meet effectively the needs of our clients and the wider communities by rigorously following our core values. OUR CORE VALUES At Rawlinson & Hunter, we try to meet effectively the needs of our clients and the wider communities by rigorously following our core values, which are: A Commitment To Our Clients: ensuring we put exceptional hands-on client service at the heart of what we do and that we always go the extra mile for our clients. A Commitment To Technical Excellence: ensuring that we provide the highest quality technical advice in a conservative, sensible and ethical manner, and that we are recognised as leading experts in our field. A Commitment To Independence: ensuring that we maintain independence of mind by coming to our own views without fear or favour, and that we are unafraid to tell it how it is. A Commitment To Each Other: embracing and respecting our differences, whilst ensuring that we work together as a team to achieve goals and putting these goals before self-interest. A Commitment To Our People: ensuring that we create an environment where staff are fairly rewarded for their contribution, where open, honest feedback is given, and where everyone has the opportunity to achieve their potential. A Commitment To Our Communities: ensuring that we contribute positively to society by offering a necessary business service, by operating in sympathy with our environment, and through charitable giving and philanthropic policies. A Commitment To Change and Challenge : recognising that our ability to consult and advise one another is a vital advantage in the face of fast evolving and increasingly complex client needs. We attract a high calibre of people to work for us – self-starting, diverse individuals who can be trained to work on their own initiative, supporting the partners in developing client relationships built on trust. We provide full study support and a training programme to equip our people with the necessary technical, team and inter-personal skills. We provide excellent facilities as well as a range of social activities which encourage close working relationships across the London and Leatherhead offices. We encourage and support career advancement, with the international offices providing further scope for secondments and progression. Many of the Firm’s current partners joined the Firm in junior positions. For further information about a career with the Firm and current opportunities, visit the Career section of the website TAX

OUR PEOPLE Search Our strength lies in our people whose expertise and commitment enable us to provide a top quality pro-active tailored service in every office. By forename... Select person... By surname... Select person... Reset Filters By expertise... Select expertise... Back Ian Gray Director +44 (0)20 7842 2175 Ian.Gray@rawlinson-hunter.com Ian deals with the UK tax affairs of wealthy individuals, the vast majority of whom are international clients with foreign business and personal interests. His role involves providing detailed UK tax advice to clients, managing their tax compliance requirements, and collaborating with other professional advisers in the UK and globally. Ian is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW), and an Associate of the Chartered Institute of Taxation. He is also a member of the ICAEW Tax Faculty Private Client Committee, the members of which are responsible for developing responses to tax policy consultations, calls for evidence and other documents produced by the HM Treasury, HM Revenue & Customs and other bodies. Expertise: Private Client Tax Compliance Tax Advice Tax Investigations Trusts Estates Non-Resident Trusts Intergenerational Wealth Transfer